Malaria in Pakistan

Malaria identification and the substitutes have observed specific and essential actions are required to reduce malaria transmission. Nowadays malaria parasite growth is increased due to lack of Cleanliness. Numerous types of malaria parasites are grown in societies which increases the disease of malaria.

I’m excited to share my passion for Medical Laboratory Technology with you all. As Lashari A.Ghani a dedicated pathology Laboratory at Jacobabad Institute of Medical Sciences JIMS Jacobabad Sindh.
I’ve had the entitle of working in the field of Malaria diagnosis and today I want to point up the critical importance of proper malaria diagnosis and the substitutes have observed. Specifically in Sindh and Balochistan where last year heavy rain and flood-affected areas malaria burden increased.

Malaria is a destructive disease that affects millions of people worldwide, with Sindh Pakistan significance the heaviest burden. phenomenal and seasonal variation of human plasmodium infection in Sindh and Balochistan flood-affected areas.
Malaria is more frequent in rural (agricultural) areas due to low socioeconomic conditions.

Types of Malaria

The most important types of malaria Parasites are:

1.Plasmodium falciparum (or P. falciparum)

2. Plasmodium malariae (or P. malariae)

3. Plasmodium vivax (or P. vivax)

4.Plasmodium ovale (or P. ovale)

5. Plasmodium knowlesi (or P. knowlesi)

Causes of increase in the malaria parasite

Unpredicted increases in rainfall can also create new latitude for mosquitoes to situate eggs in new places and lead to big increases in mosquito populations.
High temperatures allow mosquitoes to live longer.

Malaria plasmodium Falciparum Hyperparasitemia.

Last year heavy rain around after that malarial Hyperparasitemia cases ratio increased. The trend of Hyperparasitemia of Falciparum malaria has declined continuously. Malaria is seasonal and unpredictable in this province and its epidemics are repeated at about 8 intervals. Variation in malaria transmission from year to year is due to the floods in Sindh, Balochistan and heavy rainfall during monsoon. The transmission of malaria is seasonal in Pakistan and a gradual increase in cases

Plasmodium Vivax

Plasmodium Vivax severe cases can be noted after the July to August monsoon. the p.vivax infection is restrained to two peaks per year, the main peak was in late spring as a result of relapses of earlier infections and additional peaks occurred in summer and autumn due to recent transmissions. In contrast to p.vivax, p.falciparum malaria showed an increasing correlation with August -September temperatures.it is critical to ensure accurate and timely diagnosis to save lives and guide appropriate treatment. Malaria microscopy plays a pivotal role in this process, enabling us to detect the presence of parasites in blood smears with great precision.

Success in identifying the malarial-causing parasites

By utilizing advanced microscopy techniques we can identify the malaria-causing parasites accurately, allowing for prompt intervention and tailored treatment strategies. Proper malaria diagnosis not only prevents unnecessary treatments but also helps in monitoring the effectiveness of the chosen antimalarial therapy. Personally, I have witnessed severe cases of malaria leading to Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), Therefore you will likely see low levels of platelets upon doing a CBC/FBC.

Anemia

Rarely anemia (I don’t know if it’s a type of malaria parasite because p.falciparum is the most common in Sindh and Balochistan). This is fascinating because normally severe malaria has to lead anemia, the irony is most of the Sindh and Balochistan patients who have tested with severe malaria have high hemoglobin.
( But I have to do some research on this or any ideas?).
Jaundice is probably hepatic jaundice because the parasite replicates in the liver and not pre-hepatic jaundice because there’s no excess breaking down of RBCs.
High eosinophils normally this type of granulocytes is high in a parasitic infection.

Awareness of malaria

Above all let’s continue raising awareness about the importance of proper malaria diagnosis and strive toward a malaria-free future. Together we can make a difference.

Malaria in Pakistan | A fatal disease